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The Luftwaffe tried approaching England below the sight line of Chain  Home  stations  but  the  British  used  smaller  systems intended to direct gunfire against ships in the Channel. German losses continued to  mount. Eventually the Luftwaffe  accepted they would  be spotted  electronically  and  switched to  night raids, but the British quickly produced even smaller systems for planes that rapidly ended bombing by manned aircraft.

The Luftwaffe lost nearly  two thousand  planes and  Hitler was forced to  shelf  his  invasion plans. In hindsight  Hitler's campaign  was  never realistic. Even if  Germany had  obtained command of the air Britain still had an unmatched Navy.

The United Kingdom  shifted emphasis  from air  defense to  air offense, but during the course of 1941 it became clear to Bomber Command that nighttime navigation to  the correct target  was a serious  issue. In 1942  an electronic  guidance system  called Clarinet was developed with two highly directional radio beams, one transmitting Morse code dots and the other one transmitting dashes, to be received by a  single bomber flying point  in the wave to minimize the chance of  the Germans reverse-engineering the system from a downed plane.

The night bombers flew out from England on a straight line along the radio  dots,  and  when  the  lead  plane  encountered  the strongest part of the radio dashes from another angle it dropped a load of  marker flares. Then the whole bomber  wave dropped their bombs on the flares.

Concrete was  transparent  to  the Clarinet  frequency. So an antenna was constructed inside  Benjamin's lighthouse mounted to the  central shaft. That way the structure  of the  lighthouse would hide the antenna and  the Germans, it was  thought, would never suspect a thing. Periodically a targeting order  came to Benjamin Margolies  over the same  Teletype he used  to transmit his weather  information to  London. The message gave  him  a precise  angle to  position the  antenna, a  duration and  start time, and whether he was to transmit dots or dashes.

The Margolies family was kept  busy throughout 1943 as  the RAF focused their  bombing campaign  on  Hamburg  and the  industry centered in the  Ruhr  valley. The next year  a large  number of American,  Australian,  En  Zed, and  Canadian  troops  were transported to the south of England.

They trained with Tommies  in preparation  for the  invasion of France. To ensure  their  success a  tower  of  deception  was assembled that the world had never seen before.